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18. Al-Kahf/The Cavern

18. Al-Kahf/The Cavern

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

18:01.
All Praise and Gratitude is to Allah - The One and Only God of everyone,
WHO has sent down The Divine Book to HIS Servant Muhammad.
And HE has not made any deviousness in it - straight and upright in terms of the perfection of its words, text, and meanings.

18:02
HE has made it a straightforward Book -
meant to warn people of severe punishment from HIM in case of their continued disbelief,
and to give the good news to the believers who practice righteousness -
that for them will be a beautiful reward – Paradise,

18:03
a. Paradise - wherein they will live forever – never to leave, never to die.

18:04
Furthermore, it is meant to warn those who allege:
‘Allah has taken to HIMSELF a son.’

18:05
They have no knowledge about it, nor had their forefathers.
It is really a monstrous assertion of blasphemy that is coming out of their mouths!
They utter nothing but an absolute falsehood against Allah.

18:06
O The Prophet!
You are aggrieved by the hostility aroused by the Divine Message among the polytheists.
Then perhaps you are going to destroy yourself with grief and anguish for their sake
if they are not believing in this Proclamation - The Qur’an.

18:07
This is a reality that WE have made all that is in the terrestrial world,
- a splendor and beauty for it so that WE may test people to see which of them is better in terms of...

Pengaruh Cita Rasa dan Nama Merek terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Rotte Bakery pada Masyarakat Kecamatan Tuah Madani Kota Pekanbaru

Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui pengaruh cita rasa dan nama merek terhadap keputusan pembelian Rotte Bakery. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Tuah Madani Kota Pekanbaru pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Juni 2022. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang melakukan pembelian Rotte Bakery yang berjumlah 100 orang responden, teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan Accidental Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel cita rasa dan nama merek memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian produk Rotte Bakery. Secara simultan variabel cita rasa dan merek memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian produk Rotte Bakery pada Mayarakat Kecamatan Tuah Madani Kota Pekanbaru. Sementara nilai R Square sebesar 0,628 menjelaskan cita rasa dan nama merek memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian produk Rotte Bakery pada Mayarakat Kecamatan Tuah Madani sebesar 62,8% sementara 37,2% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini

Synthesis, Characterization and Bioassay of Some Novel 6, 8-Dioxygenated-7-Substituted Isocoumarins, Dihydroisocoumarins and Related Compounds

The work presented in this thesis has been divided into two parts. Part one deals with the synthesis, characterization and biological activity of some 7-substituted 6,8- dioxygenated isocoumarins and 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins. Chapter one includes general introduction, nomenclature, structural types, biosynthesis, and extensive examples on pharmacological efficacy of isocoumarins and 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins from literature. It also provides some of the most significant synthetic routes and the reactions of isocoumarins and 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins and their interconversion. The total synthesis of structural analogues of some naturally occurring bioactive isocoumarins and dihydroisocoumarins viz. Hiburipyranone, Cytogenin, Montroumarin, Scorzocreticin, Annulatomarin, Thunberginol B, starting from 3,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl homophthalic acid is the subject of Chapter two. The synthesis of 3,5-dimethoxy-4- methylhomophthalic acid from simplest precursor p-toluic acid was carried out. The substituted homophthalic acid was then converted into corresponding anhydride which was then condensed with various acyl and aroyl chlorides to afford the corresponding 3- alkyl or 3-arylisocoumarins. The isocoumarins were then converted into corresponding 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins and the latter were then demethylated to afford corresponding 6,8-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins. The structures of all of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13 C NMR and mass spectral data. Chapter three provides the physical constants and spectroscopic data of the synthesized compounds. Chapter four deals with the biological activities of the compounds synthesized. Antibacterial activity was determined against ten different Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonae, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi) using agar well diffusion method. In vitro antimalarial activity was performed against malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was determined against human keratinocyte cell lines. Chapter five depicts total synthesis of a natural product 8-hydroxy-7- hydoxymethyl-6-methoxy-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (Stellatin) isolated from mycelium of Aspergillus variecolor. The structures of the precursor compounds and the Stellatin were determined by FTIR, NMR and mass spectroscopic data. These compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against ten different gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains. The cytotoxic activity was performed against human keratinocyte cell lines. Part two is related to the synthesis of some 3-(substituted phenyl)isocoumarins, 3- (substituted phenyl)isocoumarin-1-thiones, 3-(substituted phenyl)isoquinolones and some 1-aryl-7,8-dichloroisochromans. Chapter seven, after general introduction, describes the synthesis and biological activity of these compounds. The unsubstituted homophthalic acid was converted into anhydride by treatment with acetic anhydride. The latter was then converted into 3-(substituted phenyl)isocoumarins by reacting it with suitable acid chlorides. The isocoumarins were then converted into corresponding 3-(substituted phenyl)isoquinolones by treatment with formamide. The 3-(substituted phenyl) isocoumarin-1-thiones were synthesized from isocoumarins using Lawesson’s reagent under microwave irradiation. Microwave assisted synthesis of some (±)-1-aryl-7,8- dichloroisochromans was carried out by condensation of 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethanol with a variety of aromatic aldehydes via an acid catalyzed oxa-Pictet-Spengler reaction. All of these synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopic data. In vitro antibacterial activity of these compounds was determined against ten different Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains using agar well diffusion method. The comparative analysis of the antibacterial activity of the 3-(substituted phenyl)isocoumarins, 3-(substituted phenyl)isocoumarin-1-thiones and 3-(substituted phenyl)isoquinolones is described. Accordingly, the antibacterial activity increases when isocoumarins were converted into corresponding isocoumarin-1-thiones but decreases on conversion into corresponding isoquinolones.
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