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پاپائے رومہ بنڈکٹ پانزدہم

پاپائے رومہ ، بنڈکٹ پانز دہم

            آغاز سال رواں میں پاپائے رومہ، بنڈکٹ پانز دہم نے انتقال فرمایا، ان سطروں کے شائع ہونے تک ان کے جانشین کا بھی انتخاب ہوچکا ہوگا، جس وقت سے پاپائیت کا باضابطہ عہدہ قائم ہوا ہے، صدہا افراد اس منصب پر مامور رہ چکے ہیں، بلکہ اگر ابتدائی عیسوی صدیوں کے بشپ صاحبوں کو بھی اس فہرست میں شامل سمجھا جائے تو شاید شمار سیکڑوں سے متجاور ہوجائے، سوال صرف اس قدر ہے کہ اس طویل و عظیم فہرست میں کسی غیر یورپی شخص کا بھی نام تلاش کرنے سے مل سکتا ہے؟ مسیحیت کے حدود تو ماشاء اﷲ ایشیاء، افریقہ کے گوشہ گوشہ تک وسیع ہوچکے ہیں اور ان ممالک میں کروڑوں باشندہ ’’ابن اﷲ‘‘ کے کلمہ گو موجود ہیں، پھر کیا اب تک ان بے شمار نفوس میں ایک شخص بھی یورپی مسیحیوں کی ہم سطح وہم پلہ نہیں پیدا ہوسکا ہے؟

(سید سليمان ندوی، فروری ۱۹۲۲ء)

 

Development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Msmes) Based on Creative Economy (Ekraf) and Gig Economy in Gorontalo Regency

The purpose of this study is to determine the development of MSMEs in Gorontalo Regency and to provide new innovations in the development of MSMEs based on Creative Economy (Ekraf) and Gig economy in Gorontalo Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, which describes and describes facts according to the phenomenon of how development is seen from the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities (SWOT analysis) with the aim of providing an Creative Economy-based MSME development strategy and the Gig economy in Gorontalo Regency. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of MSMEs against informants from three business fields, namely the Food Business Sector (dodol processed food), clothing (Sulaman Karawo) and handicrafts spread across three existing sub-districts in Gorontalo Regency. The results showed that the creative economy-based and gig economy-based MSMEs in Gorontalo Regency have not been fully implemented by MSME actors because they have limited capabilities and experience problems in their business development, this is due to several problems faced such as limited capital, raw materials and the use of simple production equipment, limited marketing media due to the absence of a MSME center, the types of products offered, quite a lot of transaction costs, less skilled labor, and product copyright registration problems for that from the results of the SWOT analysis of the diversification strategy at a more precise value to be applied, because it is considered more appropriate to the current conditions in Gorontalo Regency. In addition, the use of the gig economy is a part-time worker who is competent and innovative for MSMEs that are progressing and ready to compete.

A Study of the Role Perception of Professional Development Teachers Pdt

The Institute for Educational Development has been a catalyst in introducing new perspectives, particularly, in the in-service teacher education. It is conducting several professional development programs and the M. Ed., in teacher education, is one of them. The IED's M. Ed. graduates are called Professional Development Teachers (PDTs). As per agreement with their management, the PDTs work with the IED and spend 50% of their time on the professional development of teachers through the Visiting Teachers (VT) programs. For the remaining 50% of their time, they work in their schools on school improvement and effectiveness. This study focuses on understanding the PDTs' role and to identify the challenges of their performance in the schools/IED. In order to understand the challenges related to the PDTs' role, a qualitative study was conducted with a group PDTs and other stakeholders. In order to gather relevant information, the research instruments including interviews, observation, document analysis were used. Attempt was made to deal with the issues such as validity, reliability, objectivity, and generalizibility. The study suggests that the PDTs' role performance was affected by some factors such as role overload, role ambiguity, role duality, and system's preference for new models of teacher education. The study has suggested that the PDTs have significantly contributed to the professional development of teachers at the IED, which has an ultimate impact on school improvement. Finally, the study proposes some recommendations related to IED and schools, which may enhance the understanding about the role of PDTs.
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